Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are a common yet often misunderstood health problem affecting millions worldwide. While they may appear to be a minor inconvenience, UTIs can have serious consequences if left untreated.
In this feature story, The Source Reports, explores what UTIs are, their causes, risk factors, symptoms, impacts, prevention, and treatment.
A UTI is an infection of the urinary system, usually caused by bacteria entering the urethra and infecting the bladder (cystitis) or kidneys (pyelonephritis).
Although bacteria are the leading cause, fungi or viruses can also trigger UTIs. The most common types include cystitis (bladder infection), pyelonephritis (kidney infection), and urethritis (urethra infection).
According to Musa Sekandi, a Senior Nurse at Health Plus Pharmacy in Kyengera Town Center along Masaka Road, the most common symptoms of UTIs are frequent urination, painful urination, abdominal or pelvic discomfort, and blood in urine. Other symptoms include fever, strong or foul-smelling urine, difficulty starting urination, and incomplete bladder emptying.
Sekandi noted that the time it takes for UTI symptoms to appear depends on factors such as an individual’s overall health, the type of bacteria involved, and the severity of the infection.
He explained that in women, symptoms can appear within 1–3 days after bacteria enter the urinary tract, largely because women have a shorter urethra, making it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder. In men, symptoms may take longer 3–5 days or more, because their longer urethra provides extra protection.
Sekandi added that engaging in multiple sexual activities increases the risk of UTIs, especially in women. He further highlighted that pregnant women are at higher risk due to low immunity, hormonal changes, and pressure on the bladder.
Older adults are also vulnerable, as weakened immunity and reduced bladder function increase susceptibility. People with diabetes, kidney stones, bladder problems, or spinal cord injuries face greater risks, as do those with compromised immune systems, such as HIV/AIDS patients or individuals undergoing chemotherapy.
Sekandi also warned that poor hygiene, certain birth control methods (like diaphragms or spermicides), and blockages in the urinary tract (e.g., kidney stones) can significantly increase the likelihood of infection.
CUE IN SEKANDI…..ON UTI’s……LUG//
Voices from the Community
Viola Niwasiima, a resident of Butobere in Kabale Municipality says that she realized she had a UTI when she started experiencing painful, burning urination, frequent urination, and lower abdominal pain. She recalled rushing to the hospital where she was confirmed to have a UTI.”
CUE IN NIWASIIMA……..ON UTIs………RR//
For Shamin Natwijuka, a resident of Kekubo in Southern Division, Kabale Municipality says that she lost her relationship because of UTIs.
Prevention and Treatment
Joan Tumuhimbise, a Senior Nurse at Highway Medical Center Bisika in Luwero District, emphasized that UTIs can be prevented.
She advised staying hydrated, practicing good hygiene, urinating when needed, and emptying the bladder after sex. She also recommended wearing breathable clothing, avoiding irritants, and considering cranberry products or probiotics as supportive measures.
CUE IN TUMUHIMBISE……ON PREVENTION…..RR//
On treatment, Tumuhimbise said antibiotics remain the primary option for eliminating the bacteria. She stressed the importance of completing the full course as prescribed to ensure the infection clears completely. Drinking plenty of water and using pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort during treatment.
She warned that untreated or recurrent UTIs can lead to severe complications, including kidney damage, sepsis, and chronic kidney disease. Beyond physical health, they can disrupt daily routines, sleep, and mental well-being, causing emotional distress and reduced quality of life.
